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今天小E给大家总结了人教版七年级下册各单元所有重难点和必考点，包括重点单词、短语、句型及其用法和语法考点，大家收藏起来好好学吧！文末附免费资源下载，资源有效期7天哦~1.onfoot go …on foot = walk ( to )… 2.at the school gate在学校大门口4.on weekends=on the weekend在周末7.afterbreakfast / lunch / supper8.in ones free time在某人空闲时间 14.do（one’s） homework 做作业 15.go tothe zoo / park 去动物园 / 公园 19.for a little while 一会儿 23.talk with / to sb.与某人谈话 1. Happy New Year! The same to you. 2.Your new bike looks very nice. Thank you.3.How doyou usually come to school? —I usuallycome to school by subway.4.Howoften do you go to the library? 5.—Once/Twice/Three times a week/Veryoften/Every day/Sedom6.The early bird catches the work. (谚语) 笨鸟先飞7.Work / Study must come first. 工作/ 学习必须放在第一位！8.Classes begin at eight. =Class begins at eight.9.Whattime does the class begin? / What time do the classes begin?10.Wehave no more time. 我们没有更多的时间了。 11.Ihave four classes in the morning and twoin the afternoon.12.Shegoes to bed at about a quarter toten. 她九点四十五分睡觉。1.by+交通工具，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有a,the, my 等限定词，就不能用by,而是用in或是on. by +动词ing形式，表示通过某种方式乘坐交通工具：by +交通工具（by car/bus/train/ship）take the+交通工具（take the bus/car）on+大型封闭式工具（on the bus/ train/ship/plane）onthe train=by train on his bike=by bike on abike/motorbikein +小型封闭交通工具（in a car/taxi）in mycar=by carI always come toschool by bus.People show loveto their mothers by giving cards.You can be agood student by working hard.巧辩异同on foot 与 walk on foot “走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk“走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。take the bus = go …by bus ridea bike = go …by bike take the subway = go …by subway goto…on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I oftenwalk to school.goto….by bike = ride a bike goto…. by car = drive a car to go to … by plane = fly to go to… by bus = take a bus to2. It’stime for sth. “该做某事了”=It’s time to do sth. It’s time forclass. =It’s time to have class. =It’s time for having class.3. look +adj (look感官动词,系动词) 看起来His mother looksvery young. They look very cute.Her dress looksvery nice. You look very cool in thiscoat.look的短语 look the same看起来一样 look like看起来像…… look for寻找 look after =take care of 照顾，照料look around/about 四处看看，四下环顾; lookback 回头看;回顾;look out 当心，小心，留神; lookthrough 浏览，仔细查看；4.doone’s homework 做家庭作业（注：one’s要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词my,your, their, our, his, her等）。 do my homeworkat school 在学校做作业5.wantto do sth. “想做某事”，want 后接动词不定式作宾语。we want to knowabout the school life of American students. a few+可数名词（肯定）；一点，一些； few+可数名词：（否定）很少,几乎没有 a little+不可数名词（肯定）；一点，一些； little +不可数名词：（否定）很少,几乎没有little和few作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”,强调少; a little和a few强调有一些。e.g.He has afew friends. 他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
e.g. I can speak only a littleChinese. They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱a little 与 little 也可以用作副词，表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少”
e.g. Can you speak English? ---Yes, but only a little.
This book is a little moredifficult than that one. （可修饰形容词比较级）
She slept little last night. 昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。7.go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，类似： gofishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西 go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰 go swimming 去游泳 They often play basketball or coccer, go swimming andso on.8. (1). How often多久一次（对频度进行提问）答语常用频度副词always>usually>often> sometimes>seldom>never等或单位时间内的次数，表示频率的短语：次数+单位时间e.g. : once a week一周一次twice a month每月两次threetimes a year每年三次How often do yougo to the library? 你多久去一次图书馆？--once/twice/threetimes/four times a week/month/year(2).Howfar多远（表示距离）How far is it from here to the zoo? --It’s 6 kilometers.(3).Howlong多长（对时间进行提问，持续多长时间（多久）/东西的长度（多长）How long did he stay here? About two weeks.How long is the river? About 500 km.(4).How soon再过多久，主要用来表示对将来一段时间的提问。常用“in+时间段”来回答。How soon will he be back? Inan hour.9. over (形容词) School /Class is over. What timeis the class over?10. begin 现在分词:beginning 过去式:began What time does the class begin?begin to do sth begin doing sthHe begins towrite a letter. =He begins writing a letter.如果begin本身为分词，只能用beginto do sth He is beginning to run.11. listen to 听（动作）， hear听见(结果)1. 弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进行球类运动则不带the。play +棋类/球类/牌 下……棋，打……球 play soccer/basketballplay the +西洋乐器 弹/拉……乐器 play the guitar/piano 2.序数词，前面要用定冠词the。onthe second floor3.三餐前面不用冠词。 havebreakfast/lunch/supper一般现在时表示：（常与频度副词never,seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用）（1）现在所处的状态。Janeis at school.（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often go toschool by bus.（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playingfootball.（4）客观真理。The earth goesround the sun.常用的时间状语：often,always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/don’t和does/doesn’t.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。肯定式：I go to schoolon foot. 否定式：Idon’t go to school on foot.疑问式：Do you go toschool on foot? 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。肯定式：He goes to workby bus. 否定式：He doesn’t go towork by bus.疑问式：Does he go towork by bus? —Yes, he does. —No, hedoesn’t.2. on the playground 在操场上 5. on the shelf在书架上（shelves复数） 6. at the Lost and Found 在失物招领处 8. have a soccer game 举行足球比赛 9. have an English class 上英语课 = some photos of his 他的一些照片 13. dobetter in sth 在某方面做得较好 14.show sb. around… 带领某人参观……15. at the moment“此刻，现在”,=now.16. plan v.计划 plan to do sth=be friendly to sb 对某人很友好1.What are you doing? ---- He is cleaning the dormitory. 2. Are you doing your homework? Yes, I am./No, I am not.3. Howlong can I keep them? Two weeks.4. Thank you. ---It’s a pleasure. = Apleasure = My pleasure. 别客气。5. Sorry, I don’t have any. Thank youall the same. 仍然感谢你。① go to bed“上床”“就寝”Ioften go to bed at ten.② go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Lastnight I went to sleep at two o’clock.3.巧辩异同some, a few 与a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。We want someapples and some water.There are a few books and a little waterin the classroom.how often多常 how many多少 how much多少钱 how old多大5. And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归”① return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=give back sth. to sb.② return to“回到…”，相当于comeback to…6.talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”Maria and a girl are talking at the lostand found.巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell(1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。(2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。(4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tella truth说真话，tella lie说谎,tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。I can’t findmy purse and I am looking for it.8. Read, see ,look and watchlook(at)看，表动作，不及物动词，后面需加介词at才能跟宾语，指看的动作，see 看见，指看的结果，read常指看书、看报纸等，表示阅读watch看比赛、电视e.g I can an apple on the table。 I want to the film with you。 ，there is a kiteflying in the sky。 Please the blackboard carefully。 Tv too much isbad for your health。9.Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。a friend of mine我的一个朋友 a classmate of my brother’s我弟弟的一个同学10.巧辩异同 also与tooalso放在句中，too用于句末。also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。e.g Helen isalso a student. I have long hair andshe has long hair, too。11. borrow:指主语借入 borrowsth. from sb.e.g You canborrow this book from the library. MayI borrow your eraser?lend:指主语借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.e.g Can you lendyour car to me? They often lend ustheir ballkeep 和borrow, lend 的意思一样,都是表示借的意思, 区别是borrow和lend是瞬间动词/,短暂性动词，不能跟一段时间连用,而keep是延续性动词,表示借一段时间,后常跟一段时间e.g You may keepthis book for two weeks.14.on time: 准时,强调不早不迟到达 e.g We must go to work on time.intime:及时,强调在规定的时间以前到达 Thestudents can get there in time.15.Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的 n.日本人,日语当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法相同)e.g Two Japaneseand three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.1.What’s in+sth表示哪里有什么东西 e.g What’s in your purse? 钱包里有什么东西?2.What else 还有别的什么么? else: 别的,其它的 Whatelse do you have?else除了可以放在疑问词what,who, where等后面，还可以放在不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody,anybody, nobody后面e.g I don’t haveanything else to do. I can’t see anybodyelse in the room.3. Here are some photos of his.名词＋Of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格----双重所有格e.g a friend of Sam’s 萨姆的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友4. love doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯 love to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事e.g She lovesreading in bed. I love to go swimmingtoday.“Like+动词ing”表示“喜欢做某事” I like playing basketball.Tom likes listeningｔo music. “Like+ｔo+动词”也表示“喜欢做某事”，只是“Like+动词ing”表示习惯性动作（也可以说是爱好），而“Like+ｔo+动词”表示一次性或短暂性的Our PE teacher likesswimming.(表示爱好) He likes playing basketball,but today he doesn't like to playbasketball.他爱好打篮球（爱好），但是今天他没去打篮球（短暂性的）。(1) 现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作,可与now=at the moment现在, look看,listen听等时间状语连用 e.g I’m reading a book now.(2) 现在进行时表示当前一段时间内一直进行的动作e.g They’re working on a farm thisweek.(3) 某些行为动词的现在进行时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,安排或打算的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,到目前我们所学的这类动词有come,go, fly, returne.g They are flying to London thisafternoon. We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.2.常用的时间状语：now,at the moment, look, listen等。3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。I amrunning. He/She is running.（2）否定句:主语+be+not+doing+sth I’m not running. He/She isn’t running.回答:Yes,主(代)+be/No,主(代)+be+notAre yourunning? —Yes, I am./—No, I am not.Is he/she running?—Yes, he/she is./ —No. he/she isn’t（4）特殊疑问句: What+be+主语+doing?2.easy and interesting 容易又有趣 3.difficult and boring 又难又乏味 4.be friendly to sb. =be kind to sb.6.learn(…)from… 向…学习…/从…中学…7.learningabout the past了解过去8.inthe morning / afternoon / evening10.onMonday morning在星期一的早上 11.tell sb. about sth告诉某人关于某事1.What day is it today？---It’s Sunday. (在英语国家每周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一)2.What class are they having? They are having a music class.3.What time does the class begin? At ten o’clock.4.What do you think of math? = How do you like math ? 你认为数学怎么样？ ----It’s difficult and boring.5.Why(为什么)doyou like English ? Because（因为）it’s easy andinteresting.7.What subject (学科)doyou like best ? I like history best.8. Atschool, my teachers and classmates are very friendly to me.9.Istudy Chinese, English, politics, geography and some other subjects.（other泛指其他的，别的+ 名词复数 another 泛指又一个、再一个、另一个+名词单数the other 两者中的另一个）10.English is my favorite subject.11. Ialso like P.E and music. = I like P.E and music , too. (也)12. Canyou tell me something about it?1. 询问星期几用What day…？回答：It’sWednesday/Sunday…。 与what有关的短语：what class什么班 what color什么颜色 what time几点 What’s thedate…? 是对日期(几号)的提问。 What day is it today? —It’s Monday.问星期 What’s the datetoday?—It’s the May 1st.问具体日期。 What do youdo?—I’m a teacher. What does helook like?—He is tall/He has a small mouth.问外貌 What’s she like?—She iskind/friendly..问性格。2. How many+可数名词的复数形式；Howmuch+不可数名词。How many lessons does he have every weekday?3. in+时间段（in the morning/afternoon/evening) 季节/月份/年份前也用in：in Spring/Oct/in September，2008)in用于泛指一天的上午，下午，晚上等，也用于某个较长的时间，如年，月，季节等，还可以表示“从现在起一段时间以后”in a week"at+时间点[钟点时（刻）]（at 6 o’clock)at noon at night at midnight at this time of day on+具体时间（具体日期、节日前on Sep 10th/Women’s Day/rainyDay）4. Whatdo you think of …? = How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？What one’s favorite…? = What does sb. like best?某人最喜欢什么？ Which subject do you likebest?你最喜欢什么科目？5. Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它？ --Because it’s easy and interesting.因为它简单而有趣。 用why提问必须用because回答。Why?----Because it’s interesting.如果表示你为什么不用 Why not…? 或Whydon’t you…?6. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 My teachers are very friendly to me. 注: friendly是形容词 “友好的”“友善的”，而不是副词。7. a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lotof 也可以表示“非常，十分”。 I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。11. You mustlike English very much. 你一定非常喜欢英语。must在这里表示肯定推测。12. It’stime for (doing) sth= it’stime to do sth. 该做某事了It’stime for class.上课的时间到了. (1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。 (2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+can't. (3)含有can的否定句：主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。 (4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其14. may+动词的原形。（may为情态动词）一般疑问句是把may提前，肯定回答是：Yes，主语 +may。否定回答是：No，主语+mustn't。或pleasedon't。15. have to 后加动词原形，侧重客观的需要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多种时态形式，否定式为don’t haveto(needn’t)意为“不必”。Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有现在时一种形式,否定式must’t意为“一定不要，不允许，禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。1. Whynot… =Why don’t you…2. go upstairs上楼 go downstairs下楼4. study n.书房 v.学习与learn的区别5. inthe front of the house7. talk about+n/v-ing谈论,议论,讨论某事 10. Look after = take care of照顾11. play with sb.“与某人一起玩”13. onthe tree树本身长出来的花，树叶等17. over theriver 在河上（悬空）18. Tell sb about sth Tellsb to do sth Tell sb sth19. want sb to do sth/want to do sthThere be 句型表示“某处存在某物或某人，表示一种客观存在，而have“有”，表示“某人拥有某物/某人”表主观拥有，其主语是人。There is a dogin the picture. The dog has two big eyes.当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，Therebe 句型与其可互换。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.肯定句：Thereis a computer in your study.否定句--在“be”后加“not”：There isn’t a computer in your study.一般疑问句--将“be”提到“there”之前： Isthere a computer in your study?----Yes, thereis./ No, there isn’t.特殊疑问句：Therebe句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?"；当主语是物时，用"What's + 介词短语?"。
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